Signs and Symptoms of Frozen Shoulder

Frozen shoulder can occur when the connective tissue surrounding the shoulder joint becomes inflamed, leading to thickening and tightening of the joint capsule. It can impact an individual’s daily activities and quality of life if left untreated. Understanding its signs and symptoms is key for early diagnosis and effective management.

What Is Frozen Shoulder?

Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition characterized by stiffness, pain, and limited range of motion in the shoulder joint. This condition typically develops gradually and progresses through distinct stages. While it is more common in individuals aged 40 to 60, it can occur in people of any age depending on underlying factors.

During the initial “freezing” stage, shoulder movement becomes increasingly limited, and pain may worsen over time. Following this phase, a “frozen” stage occurs, where pain may lessen, but stiffness continues to restrict movement. Finally, the “thawing” phase is when shoulder mobility may gradually improve.

What Causes Frozen Shoulder?

The exact cause of frozen shoulder remains unclear in many cases. There are several factors that could increase the likelihood of developing this condition. Prolonged shoulder immobility, often resulting from injuries or surgeries, is a common cause. When the shoulder remains immobilized for an extended period, the joint can become stiff and inflamed.

Symptoms to Look Out For

The symptoms of frozen shoulder typically emerge gradually, varying based on the phase of the condition. Below are common signs to look out for:

• Pain in the Shoulder: Discomfort, often described as a dull ache, may be felt in the shoulder and upper arm area. Pain can worsen during movement or be present even when the shoulder is at rest.
• Stiffness and Reduced Range of Motion: Activities such as lifting the arm, reaching behind the back, or performing overhead movements can become increasingly difficult. Stiffness may also limit the ability to carry out basic tasks like combing hair or dressing.
• Worsened Symptoms at Night: Pain and stiffness may intensify during the night, disrupting sleep.
• Mobility Plateau: Some individuals report an extended period during which the movement in the shoulder remains restricted, even though the pain has subsided.

Treatment Options

While frozen shoulder can resolve over time, treatment is aimed at reducing pain and restoring flexibility. A combination of approaches may be used to address the individual’s specific symptoms and their severity.

• Physical Therapy: Gentle stretching and strengthening exercises play an active role in improving shoulder mobility. Physical therapists guide individuals through specific movements designed to relieve stiffness and strengthen surrounding muscles.
• Medications: Over-the-counter pain relievers may help alleviate discomfort, particularly during periods of increased stiffness or pain. Prescription medications may be recommended for severe cases.
• Corticosteroid Injection: Targeted injections can help reduce inflammation in the shoulder joint, alleviating pain and improving mobility. These are often for individuals with persistent symptoms.
• Heat or Cold Therapy: Alternating between heat and ice packs is commonly used to reduce inflammation and provide pain relief. This method is often combined with other therapies for improved results.
• Surgical Options: While uncommon, surgical intervention may be suggested when nonsurgical treatments fail. The procedure typically involves loosening the shoulder capsule to restore range of motion.

Take Control of Your Shoulder Health

Understanding the signs and symptoms of frozen shoulder is key to identifying the condition early and pursuing the right treatment options. If you suspect it may be affecting your daily life, speak with a healthcare professional to explore available therapies and next steps. Early attention can help alleviate symptoms and maintain shoulder mobility for the future.